American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What indicates a patient's decision-making capacity?

1. Willingness to sign forms

2. Ability to understand relevant information

3. Experience with medical procedures

4. Presence of family support

The correct answer is: Ability to understand relevant information

A patient's decision-making capacity is primarily indicated by their ability to understand relevant information pertaining to their medical situation. This includes comprehending the diagnosis, the nature of recommended treatments, the potential risks and benefits, and possible alternatives. This cognitive ability ensures that the patient can engage in rational thought processes, weigh options, and express a choice based on that understanding. While willingness to sign forms and experience with medical procedures may suggest some level of engagement, they do not adequately reflect true understanding or capacity. Additionally, the presence of family support can be beneficial in decision-making but does not directly determine the individual's capacity to make informed choices about their own health care. It is the ability to grasp complex medical information and come to a reasoned conclusion that serves as the cornerstone of decision-making capacity.