American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What is the ejection fraction range that indicates intervention for mitral regurgitation?

1. 60%-80%

2. 30%-60%

3. 50%-70%

4. 40%-70%

The correct answer is: 30%-60%

Ejection fraction (EF) is a key measurement used to assess the heart's function, specifically in conditions such as mitral regurgitation. In mitral regurgitation, the heart's ability to efficiently pump blood is compromised due to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. An ejection fraction of 30%-60% indicates that the left ventricle is not functioning adequately, and when the EF falls below 60%, it can signify significant impairment. In clinical practice, an ejection fraction less than 60% is often used as a threshold for considering surgical intervention, such as mitral valve repair or replacement, to prevent further deterioration of cardiac function and adverse outcomes, including heart failure. This intervention threshold is important because it helps clinicians determine when to take action to improve a patient's prognosis. Patients with an EF below this range may experience worsening symptoms and heart failure, requiring timely surgical intervention to enhance their quality of life and extend survival.