American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What dietary modification is recommended for patients with gastroparesis?

1. Large, heavy meals consumed twice a day

2. Consumption of high-fat meals to promote digestion

3. Small, low-fat meals eaten four to five times per day

4. Increased intake of insoluble fiber

The correct answer is: Small, low-fat meals eaten four to five times per day

For patients with gastroparesis, the recommended dietary modification is to consume small, low-fat meals eaten four to five times per day. This approach is beneficial because it helps manage the delayed gastric emptying characteristic of gastroparesis. Small meals reduce the volume that the stomach has to handle at one time, thereby decreasing the discomfort and complications associated with larger meals that can exacerbate symptoms like nausea and bloating. Low-fat meals are preferred because fat can slow gastric emptying, worsening the symptoms associated with gastroparesis. By choosing low-fat options, patients can help facilitate more efficient digestion and nutrient absorption, which is crucial when the stomach is already slow to empty its contents. Eating four to five times a day ensures that patients receive adequate nutrition without overwhelming their digestive systems at any one point in time. This frequent, smaller meal approach can help maintain a more stable blood sugar level and provide the body with a steady supply of nutrients throughout the day.