American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What treatment-related complications can occur in men who received therapy for testicular cancer?

1. Osteoporosis and hypertension

2. Cardiovascular disease and sexual dysfunction

3. Only peripheral neuropathy

4. Gastrointestinal distress

The correct answer is: Cardiovascular disease and sexual dysfunction

Men who receive therapy for testicular cancer can face several treatment-related complications, and cardiovascular disease and sexual dysfunction are among the most significant. The treatments for testicular cancer often include orchiectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, all of which can impact cardiovascular health and sexual function. Chemotherapy, specifically, has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to potential damage to the heart and blood vessels from certain chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, these treatments can lead to hormonal imbalances that may result in sexual dysfunction, including decreased libido and erectile dysfunction, due to alterations in testosterone levels and other hormonal changes. This highlights the importance of monitoring and managing these potential complications in survivors of testicular cancer, as they can substantially affect quality of life and overall health after treatment. While other complications like peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal distress may occur with chemotherapy, they are not as prevalent or impactful as cardiovascular issues and sexual dysfunction in the context of long-term treatment outcomes for testicular cancer.